Day 2 :
Keynote Forum
Gaku Fukuhara
Osaka University, Japan
Keynote: Pharmaceutical Oligosaccharide Sensing by a Chemical Approach
Biography:
Gaku Fukuhara was born in Hyogo, Japan in 1979. He earned his PhD degree in 2007 (Osaka University). After earning PhD degree, he moved to Massachusetts Institute of Technology to work with Professor Timothy M. Swager. He is currently an Assistant Professor in Osaka University since 2008. Now, he is appointed as a Guest Editor of Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry. He is an author of 77 papers, patents, books, and accounts.
Abstract:
Selective sensing of oligosaccharides in aqueous media is a challenge in current chemistry due to their heavy hydration and stereochemical diversity. Thus, the development of selective saccharide sensor that functions in aqueous media is of particular significance and benefit not only from the scientific but also from the application point of view.
In this study, we synthesized reporter-modified curdlan (DABz-Cur) as a saccharide chemosensor, and investigated its abilities for sensing a variety of oligosaccharides by using circular dichroism spectroscopy to find a specifically high sensitivity for one of tetrasaccharides, i.e. acarbose shown in Figure 1a. Acarbose is a drug to treat type-2 diabetes mellitus and obesity by inhibiting α-glucosidase that releases glucose from higher carbohydrates, and therefore its detection is of particular significance from the diagnostic viewpoint. The saccharide sensing results of further interesting approach by an in situ hybrid sensor with Cur and PyPT in Figure 1b and their detailed supramolecular complexation will be discussed.
Keynote Forum
Diallo Yacouba L
Hospital du Mali, Mali
Keynote: Hemostasis property of Malian herbal plant used to manage bleeding event
Biography:
Diallo Yacouba L successively achieved his Medical study degree in 2000, the Hematology Special Training in Ivory Coast in 2008, Clinical Hemostasis and Thrombosis Interuniversity Diploma in Lyon in 2009 and a Master’s degree in Vessel Biology, Physiology and Pathology from Paris University, France in 2010. His research interest topic is hemostatis, especially in bleeding disease such us hemophilia. Due to the poor financial condition of the population in his country, he is keenly interested to improve bleeding diseases treatment with medicinal plants. He is a member of many national and international scientist societies of Hematology and Hemostasis.
Abstract:
Introduction: Bleeding diseases management is a big challenge in developing countries where diagnosis and drug access are not easy. In Mali 80-90% of the population frequently used medicinal plant with a good response. Unfortunately, knowledge on these plants is undocumented. Here, we investigated ten herbal plants currently used by traditional practitioners in Dioila district (Mali) to treat bleeding conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the coagulation properties of these plants and identified the substance responsible for different hemostasis properties.
Materials & Methods: The hemostasis properties of water, ethanol and dichloromethane extracts from ten plants have been investigated. The plants were selected after ethnobotanical survey conducted in Dioila area in Mali. Fifteen traditional practitioners were interviewed in the survey and the ten plants currently used according to their high level of fidelity were retained for this study. The effect of the extracts on hemostasis parameters was investigated using whole blood from healthy donor. All extracts were incubated with whole blood at the final concentration of 0.25 g/L. Activating platelet time aPTT and thrombin time were measured using coagulation automate (STA satellite®) at 0 and 30 min after incubation. Buffer was used as a control in the same condition. Results were expressed as ratio for aPTT and percentage for Thrombin time. All tests were performed in double.
Results: We have investigated the effect of twelve extracts from ten plants on aPTT and thrombin time at (0 and 30 min) after incubation. aPTT measurement directly after incubation showed that eleven extracts gave a result lower than 1.2. Only extracts from Pteleopsis myrtifolia bark and trunk, induced an aPTT beyond 1.2. After 30 min incubation, aPTT value from all extracts was lower than 1.2. In contrast, it seems that prothrombin time was not strongly modified by any extract.
Conclusion: Some extracts from herbal plants modified aPPT which could be associated to a hemostatic effect. More investigations are needed in order to confirm these findings.
- Pharmaceutical Drug Development
Location: Flamingo 1
Chair
Monika I Konaklieva
American University, USA
Co-Chair
Christina Yuen Ki Leung
The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, China
Session Introduction
Stefan Bughi
Rancho Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Center, USA
Title: Addressing inpatient polypharmacy: A multidisciplinary team intervention to improve patient safety
Biography:
Stefan Bughi is a Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine at the Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California in Los Angeles in the Division of Diabetes/Endocrinology. He is board certified in Internal Medicine and Endocrinology and presently working as a Physician Specialist at Rancho Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Center (RLANRC). He is the Chair of Graduate Medical Education, the Chair of the Physician Well-Being Committee and the Physician Patient Safety Officer at RLANRC. He is also a Member of the Medication Safety Committee. He is a Fellow of the American Board of Diabetes and Fellow of the American Institute of Stress. He has completed his Master’s in Academic Medicine from USC Keck School of Medicine. His research interests include human factor and patient safety, endocrinology of stress and the effects of stress on psychosomatic disorders and stress and medical profession. He has presented his research data at local, national and international meetings.
Abstract:
Background: Polypharmacy (PPRx) is common among US patient population, and may be as high as 50% in patients over 65. PPRx among inpatients can be associated with an increased rate of medical errors, adverse reactions, prolong hospitalization and cost.
Aim: The goals of the present project were to explore the prevalence of PPRx at our facility and raise awareness and provide guidance regarding reduction of PPRx.
Methods: Using electronic medical record we reviewed the medication list for the inpatients admitted at our facility in the spring of 2016. PPRx was defined as taking more than 10 drugs. Hospitalists were informed about the risks and possible consequences of PPRx and modalities to correct them. Interventions via multidisciplinary team work, safety rounds and improve communication in addressing PPRx were implemented, as part of a quality/safety improvement project.
Results: Among the 105 inpatients, 87 (83%) experienced PPRx, taking an average of 15.6 medications. The average patient age was 48.7±10.7 years, 78/87 (90%) were male and 9/87 (10%) were female. These patients received a total of 1353 medications, of which 56% were scheduled medications (SM) and 44% were PRN meds. Among many patients with PPRx: H2 Blockers/PPI’s were prescribed without a clinical diagnosis; Benadryl was frequently used as a PRN sleep medication; and muscle relaxant and narcotics were frequently prescribed concomitantly. The project outcome reflected in the April 2016 data, which compared with the data from April 2015 showed an 80% decrease of prescribed multiple sedating agents.
Conclusion: Successful interventions to decrease polypharmacy require multidisciplinary team work, educational interventions and increase communication
Emma Yeritsyan
Yerevan State Medical University, Armenia
Title: AP-PRP-1 antiplatelet properties of proline rich polypeptide-1 (PRP-1)
Biography:
Abstract:
The hypothalamic PRP-1 produced in NSO and NPO possesses multiple pharmacological properties: Immunomodulator, antibacterial and antiviral, antitumor, neuroprotective including recently discovered cerebrovascular effects and anticoagulation activity of PRP-1 underlay the investigation of its role on platelet aggregation mapping process. The antiplatelet property of PRP-1 was demonstrated on ADP-tem induced method using ROTEM platelet system. The healthy volunteers (n=22) aged 20-35 were involved in the experiment. The statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA test. Obtained results demonstrate that the incubation of PRP-1 (in concentration 0.024 μg/μl) with blood samples characterized by standard parameters of aggregation process (A6, MS and AUC) did not induce any significant changes on platelet aggregation process after ADP-tem initiation. In spite of this, incubation of PRP-1 with blood samples characterized by high level of aggregation process parameters leads to prevention of ADP induced aggregation which is appeared by decreasing of A6, MS and AUC levels for 52%, 62% and 55,6% (p<0.01) accordingly. In case of PRP-1 incubation with blood samples characterized by low level of baseline aggregation process parameters leads to increasing of A6, MS and AUC values for 58.5%, 85.1% and 93.9% accordingly. It is noticeable that in both cases (blood samples with low and high level of aggregation process parameters) PRP-1 incubation turns the platelet aggregation parameters level into direction leading to their standard values. Thus, the presented investigation indicates that PRP-1 possesses regulatory role on aggregation process. These data could be served for design and development of novel antiplatelet agents based on PRP-1 structure.
- Novel Drug Delivery System
Location: Flamingo 1
Chair
Monika I Konaklieva
American University, USA
Co-Chair
Christina Yuen Ki Leung
The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, China
Session Introduction
Mervat Alsous
Applied Science University, Jordan
Title: Depression among patients with diabetic foot in Jordan
Biography:
Abstract:
Objectives: The aims of this study were to assess depressive symptoms in patients with diabetic foot using center for epidemiologic studies depression scale (CES-D) and investigate the association between depressive symptoms and characteristics of patients with diabetic foot.
Methods: A sample of 108 patients with diabetic foot was recruited from May 2015-November 2015. The center (CES-D) was used to assess risk for depression among patients using cut-off score ≥27. Patients’ demographic data and medical history were collected using pre-structured forms.
Results: Of the entire sample, 38.9% have risk for major depression according to CES-D score. Univariate analyses showed that age, gender, income, duration of DM were not associated with an increase in risk for major depression among patients with diabetic foot. On the other hand according to logistic regression analysis, retinopathy were significantly associated with increased depressive symptoms among diabetic foot patients (odds ratio 3.41(p=0.017). Being on a combination of oral hypoglycemic agents and insulin treatment was significantly associated with lower depressive symptoms (odds ratio 3.38 (p=0.022). Patients with primary education level have the highest odds ratio among all factors associated with risk for major depression (OR, 4.07; p=0.003).
Conclusion: The risk for major depression among patients with diabetic foot in Jordan is high compared to general diabetic population. This was associated with low educational level, retinopathy, and not taking combination of oral hypoglycemic agents and insulin. There is a need for routine screening for depression in patients with diabetic foot to help in the prevention, early detection of depression and even referral to a psychiatrist.
Daniel Roberto Magdaleno Rodriguez
Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico
Title: Efficiency and safety of combining silybin, lipoteichoic acid and selenomethionine in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver
Time : 14:30-15:00
Biography:
Daniel Roberto Magdaleno Rodriguez is currently a Medical student of Superior School of Medicine (Escuela Superior de Medicina) at Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico. He is a Junior Researcher who has been working at the Obesity Center of the School since 2013 on different research lines regarding obesity, diabetes, fatty liver, metabolic syndrome and hypertension. His recent research is focused on drug effectiveness and security for obesity and fatty liver treatment. He is also the CEO and Founder of AIMEDS A.C.
Abstract:
Obesity has become a public global health, we cannot lose sight that this disease has reached epidemic global proportions, which is why the World Health Organization (WHO) calls obesity as the epidemic of the century. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of silymarin, selenomethionine and alpha lipoteichoic acid in adult patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver using different dosages, comparing changes in patients receiving doses every 8 hours against the patients that received doses every 12 hours. It was evaluated the biochemical changes through blood, morphological determinations by ultrasound and anthropometric measurements. It was a longitudinal, prospective and comparative study during 12 weeks. This study was conducted under 88 exogenous obese patients, aged between 18 and 60 years of both sexes with Body Mass Index (BMI) between 30 and 45 kg/m2 and diagnosed with fatty liver confirmed by ultrasound with sub-clinical alterations in liver enzymes. Patients were randomized into two groups of 44 subjects each and were administered for three months the combination of silymarin, selenomethionine and alpha lipoteichoic acid with dosage of one capsule every 8 hours (group 1) and every 12 hours (group 2).
- General Clinical Pharmacology
Location: Flamingo 1
Chair
Monika I Konaklieva
American University, USA
Co-Chair
Christina Yuen Ki Leung
The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, China
Session Introduction
Pamela Georgina Avila Lamadrid
Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico
Title: Randomized controlled clinical trial open to 24 weeks of efficiency and safety in outpatient with obesity grade I and II treated with Clobenzorex vs. Clobenzorex with melatonin
Biography:
Pamela Georgina Avila Lamadrid is currently a Medical student of Superior School of Medicine (Escuela Superior de Medicina) at Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico. She is a Junior Researcher who has been working at the Obesity Center of the School since 2016 on different research lines regarding obesity, diabetes, fatty liver, metabolic syndrome and hypertension. Her most important recent research is focused on drug effectiveness and security for obesity and fatty liver treatment.
Abstract:
Introduction: Obesity is a disease characterized by the excess of adipose tissue (fat) in the body. Such disease is determined in adult persons when there is a Body Mass Index (BMI) is equal or higher than 30 kg/m2.
Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Clobenzorex 60 mg/Melatonin 3 mg (morning or night) against to Clobenzorex 60 mg in Mexicans with exogenous obesity during 24 weeks.
Methodology: It was a longitudinal, prospective and comparative study. This study was conducted under 180 exogenous obese patients, administered: (1) Treatment “A” (Clobenzorex 60 mg/Melatonin 3 mg 1 capsule VO, morning), (2) Treatment “B” (Clobenzorex 60 mg/capsule VO Melatonin 3 mg one night) or (3) Treatment “C” (60 mg 1 capsule Clobenzorex VO, morning). Efficacy was evaluated by weight loss (kg), BMI, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and percentage of body fat. On the other hand safety was evaluated by recording adverse events occurred.
Results: The treatment “A” causes polydipsia, xerostomia and headache, treatment “B” had a safety advantage for shorter duration and number of adverse events. Finally, “C” treatment compared to “A” and “B”” treatment, had the lowest rate of adverse effects by causing only one, which could be polydipsia, headache or constipation.
Conclusion & Significance: All treatments were clinically effective. Greater reduction of the WHR and waist circumference was observed when using Clobenzorex. However, Clobenzorex/Melatonin (night) resulted safer due to the lower number and duration of adverse events.
Antonios Ramsis Mikhaeel
Muscat Dermatology & Laser Center, Oman
Title: Hydroquinone and its derivatives in treatment of hyperpigmentation
Biography:
Antonios Ramsis Gaber Mikhaeel has completed his Bachelor of Pharmacy degree from Misr University for Science and Technology, Cairo, Egypt. He is the Owner and Manager of Ramsis Pharmacy in Cairo, Egypt and also a Senior Pharmacist of Muscat Dermatology & Laser Center, Muscat, Oman.
Abstract:
Hydroquinone is well known as a product for treatment of hyperpigmentation. But in the Middle Eastern countries bleaching became the major interest for Eastern/Arabic woman even for males also. This feeling to have lighter skin is increased at the recent era due to multimedia connection between countries Eastern & Western which motivate Eastern people to be lighter. Since around 10 years hydroquinone was dispensed plain in form of cream, then a pharmaceutical company in Egypt started to produce it in combined form with Tretinoin. Hydroquinone (HQ) is one of the most effective inhibitors of melanogenesis in vitro and in vivo and is widely used for the treatment of melanosis and other hyperpigmentary disorders. In an attempt to get some insight into the molecular mechanism of the depigmenting action, which is still very poorly understood, we have investigated the effect of HQ on the tyrosinase catalyzed conversion of tyrosine to melanin. Incubation of 0.5 mM tyrosine with 0.07 U per ml tyrosinase in phosphate buffer at pH 6.8 in the presence of 0.5 mM HQ led to no detectable melanin formation, due to the preferential oxidation of HQ with respect to tyrosine (HPLC evidence). Kinetic investigations showed that HQ is a poorer substrate of tyrosinase than tyrosine; yet, it may be effectively oxidized in the presence of tyrosine owing to the generation of catalytic amounts of dopa acting as co-factor of tyrosinase. Product analysis of HQ oxidation with tyrosinase in the presence of dopa showed the predominant formation in the early stages of hydroxybenzoquinone (HBQ), arising from enzymatic hydroxylation and subsequent oxidation of HQ, along with lower amounts of benzoquinone (BQ). These results suggest that the depigmenting activity of HQ may partly be related to the ability of the compound to act as an alternate substrate of tyrosinase, thereby competing for tyrosine oxidation in active melanocytes. Also monobenzyl ether of hydroquinone is misused by some patient and even it is considered as treatment of vitiligo but also started to be used as a cream for treatment of hyperpigmentation.